Date and Time Functions in MySql

Hello Friends,
                       Today i am going to tell you about some Date and Time functions in MySql queries. There are list of functions which we can use to modify date or time in table according to the requirement.

1) DATE_ADD :  This function is used to increase date with a defined interval.

Syntax : DATE_ADD( date, INTERVAL expr unit)

First argument date is the starting date or the date time value.
INTERVAL is a keyword, expr is the interval value to add to the starting date.
unit is a keyword indicating the units in which the expression should be interpreted.

EXAMPLE :  DATE_ADD('2012-03-21' INTERVAL 2 day);
                                  return  '2012-03-23'

2) TIMEADD :  This function is used to increase date with a defined interval.

Syntax :  ADDTIME('expr1', 'expr2');

expr1 is time or dateTime expression and expression2 is time expression.


EXAMPLE :     ADDTIME('2007-12-31 02:09:00', '1:1:1');
                  return '2007-12-31 03:10:01'

we can also use these functions with negetive argument, which results in decreasing date or time value.

3)DATEDIFF : 

             This function returns expr1 – expr2 expressed as a value in days from one date to  the other. expr1 and expr2 are date or date-and-time expressions. Only the date parts  of the values areused in the calculation.




Syntax :  DATEDIFF('expr1', 'expr2');

EXAMPLE :  DATEDIFF('2007-12-31 23:59:59','2007-12-30');

                      return 1;

 Some more functions you can try :

Name	Description
ADDDATE()	Add time values (intervals) to a date value
ADDTIME()	Add time
CONVERT_TZ()	Convert from one timezone to another
CURDATE()	Return the current date
CURRENT_DATE(), CURRENT_DATE	Synonyms for CURDATE()
CURRENT_TIME(), CURRENT_TIME	Synonyms for CURTIME()
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(), CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	Synonyms for NOW()
CURTIME()	Return the current time
DATE_ADD()	Add time values (intervals) to a date value
DATE_FORMAT()	Format date as specified
DATE_SUB()	Subtract a time value (interval) from a date
DATE()	Extract the date part of a date or datetime expression
DATEDIFF()	Subtract two dates
DAY()	Synonym for DAYOFMONTH()
DAYNAME()	Return the name of the weekday
DAYOFMONTH()	Return the day of the month (0-31)
DAYOFWEEK()	Return the weekday index of the argument
DAYOFYEAR()	Return the day of the year (1-366)
EXTRACT()	Extract part of a date
FROM_DAYS()	Convert a day number to a date
FROM_UNIXTIME()	Format UNIX timestamp as a date
GET_FORMAT()	Return a date format string
HOUR()	Extract the hour
LAST_DAY	Return the last day of the month for the argument
LOCALTIME(), LOCALTIME	Synonym for NOW()
LOCALTIMESTAMP, LOCALTIMESTAMP()	Synonym for NOW()
MAKEDATE()	Create a date from the year and day of year
MAKETIME	MAKETIME()
MICROSECOND()	Return the microseconds from argument
MINUTE()	Return the minute from the argument
MONTH()	Return the month from the date passed
MONTHNAME()	Return the name of the month
NOW()	Return the current date and time
PERIOD_ADD()	Add a period to a year-month
PERIOD_DIFF()	Return the number of months between periods
QUARTER()	Return the quarter from a date argument
SEC_TO_TIME()	Converts seconds to 'HH:MM:SS' format
SECOND()	Return the second (0-59)
STR_TO_DATE()	Convert a string to a date
SUBDATE()	A synonym for DATE_SUB() when invoked with three arguments
SUBTIME()	Subtract times
SYSDATE()	Return the time at which the function executes
TIME_FORMAT()	Format as time
TIME_TO_SEC()	Return the argument converted to seconds
TIME()	Extract the time portion of the expression passed
TIMEDIFF()	Subtract time
TIMESTAMP()	With a single argument, this function returns the date or datetime expression; with two arguments, the sum of the arguments
TIMESTAMPADD()	Add an interval to a datetime expression
TIMESTAMPDIFF()	Subtract an interval from a datetime expression
TO_DAYS()	Return the date argument converted to days
TO_SECONDS()	Return the date or datetime argument converted to seconds since Year 0
UNIX_TIMESTAMP()	Return a UNIX timestamp
UTC_DATE()	Return the current UTC date
UTC_TIME()	Return the current UTC time
UTC_TIMESTAMP()	Return the current UTC date and time
WEEK()	Return the week number
WEEKDAY()	Return the weekday index
WEEKOFYEAR()	Return the calendar week of the date (0-53)
YEAR()	Return the year
YEARWEEK()	Return the year and week

Thank You

Pooja Arora

21/03/2012